I asked ChatGPT… TL;DR: ChatGPT’s Research AI is fundamentally flawed. It misleads and hallucinates, only scratches the surface of what information is available, and ends up creating more work for the researcher than if they had just started from scratch on their own. I set out to test ChatGPT’s Research
firework We all know fireworks as a pyrotechnic display, shown as part of a celebration or special event. But the term has its origin in military use of combustibles and explosives during the Tudor period. The earliest use of the term that I’m aware of is from a 1528 document,
waive / waif / wave / waver Waive, waif, wave, and waver all appear to be related, and while they may share a common Proto-Germanic root in *webna- / *wepna-, their etymological histories are quite different. The verb to waive, comes from the Anglo-Norman legal verb weyver, meaning to dismiss a legal obligation. English use dates to the
patient zero The term patient zero is an epidemiological term for the person who transmits an infection into a population that had been free of it. The term arose during the initial stages of the AIDS pandemic as a misinterpretation of the label Patient O—a capital letter O, not a zero—
cavalier A cavalier is literally a mounted soldier, especially a gentleman. When the word is capitalized, it can refer to a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War. And it is an adjective meaning carefree, disdainful, or dismissive, presumably because that is an attitude evinced by such genteel
Juneteenth (An entry from the archives at Wordorigins.org, dated 30 June 2022) Juneteenth is celebrated on 19 June and is, obviously, a blend or portmanteau of June + nineteen. It commemorates the date in 1865 when Major General Gordon Granger of the Union army freed the slaves in Galveston, Texas. Lincoln’
by hook or by crook The phrase by hook or by crook means by any means, fair or foul. Its origin, however, is not known. Over the years it has accumulated a number of alleged etymologies, most of which can be readily dismissed as implausible, if not downright impossible. There is one, however, that seems
curmudgeon A curmudgeon is an ill-tempered person, usually used in reference to an old man. The origin of curmudgeon is not known for certain, although etymologist Anatoly Liberman provides a reasonable explanation. What we do know for certain is that the earliest known use of the word can be found in
agree to disagree It is commonly claimed, especially in Methodist circles, that the phrase agree to disagree was coined by John Wesley, the founder of Methodism. The claimants point to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), where indeed a 1775 letter by Wesley that uses the phrase is the first citation. (Although it is
right stuff Today the phrase the right stuff is inextricably linked to test pilots and astronauts, thanks to Tom Wolfe’s 1979 book The Right Stuff and the 1983 Hollywood movie made from it about the early years of the U.S. space program. The right stuff is that ineffable quality that
D-Day / H-Hour / J-Day D-Day is probably best known as a name for 6 June 1944, when Allied troops landed on the coast of German-occupied France during World War II. It was the largest seaborne invasion in history, with over 150,000 American, British, and Canadian troops landing in Normandy, including 23,000 airborne
anaconda The anacondas are a group of semiaquatic constrictor snakes native to South America. While the name can be applied to any of the species in the genus Eunectes, it is commonly used to specifically refer to the green anaconda, Eunectes murinus, the largest snake in the world by weight. (The
pay through the nose To pay through the nose is to pay too much for something, to be overcharged. The metaphor underlying the idiom is unknown, although there are some guesses that are supported by tenuous evidence. What we do know is that the earliest known record of the phrase is from 1662. It
